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Once the install was complete, SIP could be turned back on to protect your Mac.

In the early days of El Capitan, it wasn’t uncommon to disable SIP to allow a specific app to successfully install needed components in the various protected system folders. Malware developers will always find new ways to attack a platform.Īlthough Apple would like you to always keep SIP turned on, it can be enabled and disabled as needed. The benefit for all users is that the Mac is a harder platform for malware to take over, though it is by no means an impossible task.

In the case of SIP, the most often cited problem is the failure of a legitimate app to install properly, or for an app to have some issues once installed.įor the most part, these app-specific issues were a problem when El Capitan rolled out and are far less of an issue now that developers have had time to work through the issues and create new ways for their apps to work with SIP restrictions. But like anything that brings restrictions to your Mac, there will be some fallout. Without a doubt, SIP helps keep your Mac secure by preventing many malware attack vectors from being successfully performed.

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This should protect third-party apps from being tampered with, having code injected, or having processes attached to them, all common techniques for gaining control of an app or its services. This can prevent kernel extensions from being replaced or modified by malware, as well as prevent new unsigned kernel extensions from being installed.Īpple includes a number of new security-related upgrades in Mojave, but for SIP the big change is that it was extended to cover third-party apps and not just those supplied by Apple. Kernel extensions must be signed with an Apple Developer ID that specifically allows for signed Kext (kernel extensions) certificates. This prevents code injection or runtime attachment to system processes, techniques often used by malware to force privileged processes to run the malware code. Only Apple-signed system processes can write to system locations. SIP is effective at stopping system locations from being written to by third-party apps and services.

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This includes Apple installers and Apple software update services. The exceptions to the rule are apps or processes that have been signed by Apple and have a special entitlement to write to system files. While “rootless” was mostly marketing, SIP actually hardened the Mac by preventing modifications to the following locations: The additional isolation of system components from accounts with root privileges helps to prevent malware from being able to gain access to the system, where it could embed itself and take advantage of all of the system services running on a Mac. There was still a root account the difference is that when enabled, SIP poses additional restrictions on the root account, walling off certain portions of the system from access by an account with root level privileges. But it turns out the concept of the Mac being rootless was more of a security marketing gimmick than actual fact. OS X El Capitan was the first version of the Mac operating system to incorporate SIP, as well as the idea that the Mac operating system was now rootless that is, there was no longer a root account, the all-powerful primary account that had access to almost the entire system. SIP and related security protections in the Mac operating system have undergone changes with each release of the OS, but the basics of how the SIP system works have remained the same, including how SIP can be enabled, disabled, and have its current status checked on. Originally introduced with OS X El Capitan, System Integrity Protection, usually referred to as SIP, is a security feature built into the Mac operating system that’s designed to protect most system locations, system processes, and Kernel extensions from being written to, modified, or replaced.

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